Intercambio desigual y ejército industrial de reserva, en la periferia capitalista: el caso ecuatoriano entre 2007-2016

Abstract

Unequal exchange takes place in the outward growth model. It is applied by the countries of the periphery when trying to reach those of "center" while gestates -parallel- a considerable labor underemployment (reserve industrial army). Thus, the present study tries to provide evidence for the Ecuadorian case, about the labor exploitation suffered by underemployed workers while generating trade between "center" and "periphery" in the decade 2007-2016. Therefore, we use the database of the Ecuadorian labor market (ENEMDU). Also use supply and utilization tables (TOU) of the various productive branches of Ecuador and the United Nations bases on international trade (COMTRADE). We formulate a panel of data, that when making a model of autoregressive vectors in panel data (PVAR), the causality test in the Granger sense, Cholesky descomposition, impulse response function and variance decomposition, it is determined that, there is a feedback between trade imbalances and overexploitation of workers housed in the reserve industrial army.