Diseño, construcción de un sistema de producción de energía eléctrica para la generación de 800 W a través del uso de biogás, para una pequeña granja y análisis energético del sistema

Abstract

The present study exposes the design and selection of the elements for the construction of an electric generation system that uses the resource the biogas that is produced through the manure of cattle. The process began with the characterization of the study of cattle in the laboratory of the National Institute of Agricultural Research INIAP, the results presented a carbon nitrogen ratio of 22,80 that generated a greater speed of biodegradation of the raw material and production of biogas. After the mixture of manure and water in a hermetically sealed batch-type biodigester biogas was obtained during a retention time of 35 days, which was carried out the chromatography analysis in the Instrumental Analysis laboratory of the EPN Chemical Engineering Department to check the state of purity of the methane that is the main element as a source of fuel. In the tests carried out on the generation of biogas, it was proved that a volume of 0.72 m3 of biogas was obtained in the aforementioned time. The entire process of selecting the necessary elements for the construction and the whole system of electric power generation was carried out through analytical and systematic methods. The biogas consumption for a load of 120 W was 1.05 m3/h in a test time of 10 minutes and an efficiency of the electric power generation system of 20%. The investment made in the project that has been executed is detailed.