Aplicación de la tecnología IoT (Internet of Things) para la medición de variables meteorológicas en la agricultura sostenible la tecnología IoT (Internet of Things) con sensores de bajo costo, como herramienta de monitoreo de las variables meteorológicas temperatura y humedad del suelo para la optimización del recurso hídrico en la agricultura sostenible.

Abstract

This project applied the Internet Of Things (IoT) technology with a long-range LoRa network in order to monitor meteorological variables and optimize water resources in the irrigation of short-cycle crops which were planted in the Conocoto sector, Quito-Ecuador. To compare the amount of irrigation was sown in two plots (controlled and uncontrolled). The weather station has a gateway and two nodes (multiparameter and water level) with low-cost sensors which collect data that are sent to The Things Network server and displayed in real time on the ThingsBoard platform. The proposal comes from the need of the agricultural sector to carry out irrigation based on real-time information on the crop, soil and climate to avoid scarcity or water waste. This component monitored the temperature and soil humidity variables to verify the irrigation day according to the water balance prepared with the precipitation and evapotranspiration variables (verified water balance). Based on verified water balance, controlled irrigation of the lettuce and beet crops was carried out. The irrigation was made on the day that the rapidly usable water table (LARA) reached zero and the amount irrigated was to complete the exhausted LARA. Controlled irrigation based on verified water balance and validated with the measured soil moisture, allowed irrigation at the right time and water quantity. Thus, less water was used for the irrigation of monitored crops compared to non-monitored irrigation crops, optimizing the use of water resource.