Análisis de un esquema de regulación primaria de frecuencia en la microrred eléctrica de la isla san cristóbal aplicando un sistema de almacenamiento basado en baterías e inercia sintética.

Abstract

The microgrid of San Cristóbal Island in Galapagos, which is located at a distance of around 1000 km from continental Ecuador, presents a way of generating electricity to meet its demand based on thermal generation, with the burning of fossil fuels. This produces a negative impact on the fragile and unique ecosystem of the islands, which is why it seeks to displace this form of generation with non-conventional renewable generation, and the one that is being implemented is wind and photovoltaic. When doing this, the problem of the inertial response appears to regulate the frequency, after imbalances that occur between generation and demand, due to failures that could happen in the system. This primary frequency regulation is carried out, in conventional systems, by large synchronous generators, but when displacing this generation, the need arises to implement alternative control strategies such as virtual or synthetic inertia. To produce synthetic inertia, one of the most feasible ways is through batteries or BESS (Battery Energy Storage System). The present work proposes to implement this concept, introducing a BESS connected to one of the bars to the microgrid system of San Cristóbal Island, with the purpose of producing synthetic inertia when an imbalance between generation and demand occurs, by means of a primary frequency regulation control. The implementation of the control based on synthetic inertia, as well as the respective analysis, are carried out in the DIgSILENT PowerFactory software, where the microgrid and the regulation scheme are modeled, and then simulations are carried out to establish how beneficial the proposed scheme is.