Diseño e implementación de un prototipo electro-óptico como parte de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (UAV) para capturar y almacenar imágenes aéreas de cultivos agrícolas.

Abstract

Some specialists in the field of development consider that the demand for food is a serious problem facing humanity. This problem gives rise to the difficulty of maintaining agricultural production levels when working with rustic methods, hence the need to create equipment that allows the farmer to make decisions in crop management in order to increase profits and productivity. Currently there are some photogrammetry equipment whose operation is based on image analysis. However, this equipment, in addition to being expensive, presents problems when it is necessary to know characteristics by short segments of distance and when it is necessary to acquire images of the same area in a short time. In this sense, this work aims to design and implement an electro-optical prototype as part of a UAV to capture and store aerial images in order to determine some vegetation index of an agricultural crop. The prototype is made up of an optical system, an electronic system, a communication system, a mechanical system and a ground control and image processing interface. To test the prototype, a UAV is used as a means of displacement and the validation of results is carried out by determining the vegetation index (NDVI, SVI and EVI) resulting from the processing of images captured by the prototype in an agricultural crop.