Análisis comparativo energético, exergético y económico de sistemas de calentamiento de agua sanitaria para viviendas unifamiliares en Quito.

Abstract

This work is a comparative analysis of domestic hot water systems providing a much more complete approach to energy system selection that fulfill low exergy demand needs. The energetic and exergetic modeling comes from the first and second thermodynamics laws applied to a control volume. The design and simulation of these systems was performed on TRNSYS to account for the transitory part. General design conditions were applied to all the systems; input and output water temperature, weather data from Quito. Once the simulation of all energy systems was performed, next step was to analyze them and compare their energy consumptions, energy efficiencies, exergy from source of each system, exergy gained by the product (domestic hot water) and their exergy efficiencies. Finally, all these systems are compared through total cost of ownership in a lifespan of 10 years. It was found out that although the electric water heater system is one of the systems in which there is one of the highest exergy rate destruction of its exergy content. It was also found that both solar thermal system and heat pump system not only size much better the exergetic content of their energy sources, but also, they have the lowest total cost of ownership in the long term and at the same time contribute to sustainable development and efficient use of renewable resources.