La influencia de la etnia y el lugar de residencia de los adultos mayores en la posesión de un seguro de salud pública.

Abstract

Health and social security are fundamental rights, however, historical and social inequalities are factors that possibly limit accessibility to health, among them, ethnicity, due to the statistical invisibility of some ethnic groups (Antón-Sánchez, 2010), also, the place of residence, where rural areas have limited medical access (Torres Riascos, 2019). Health insurance has been created to improve access to medical care; however, in the Ecuadorian case, this health insurance system has presented difficulties in terms of coverage, capacity and accessibility. For this reason, a multimonial logit model will be estimated using the Survey on Health, Well-being, and Aging in Older Adults (SABE) of 2009. The results obtained indicate, on one hand, that ethnicity had a negative effect on holding a health insurance, especially for ethnic minorities, with the exception of the Black or Afro-Ecuadorian ethnic group compared to the mestizo population. On the other hand, when referring to place of residence, it was found that all those who lived in areas other than Quito were less likely to have some type of health insurance.