Diseño y construcción de un biodigestor doméstico para producir biogás.

Abstract

The objective of this work is to design a domestic biodigester for the generation of biogas through organic waste. The process began with the location of the project in La Tola, a neighborhood of the city of Quito, followed by the characterization of the biomass, where it was verified that the biomass of the case study had sufficient characteristics for the correct functioning of the biodigester, then it was proceeded to design it based on energy demand and the availability of biomass. Once built, the performance of the biodigester was evaluated through a test protocol where the tightness, pH, temperature, and quality of the biol produced were observed. The results of the test protocol showed that the biomass of the study case had a C/N ratio of 13.86, and the biol a concentration of 2% nitrogen, 1% phosphorus and 3% potassium, thus demonstrating that the Biol from the case study has better characteristics than other types of organic Bioles. To evaluate the quality of the biogas, a chromatographic analysis was carried out in the instrumental analysis laboratory of the Department of Chemical Engineering of the EPN, where it was reported that the biogas produced has a methane concentration of 21.11% and a calorific value of 7152. 35KJ/m3. Regarding the production after 52 days, a daily production of 2 liters of biol and 31.25 liters of biogas was obtained, finally, according to the test protocol, it was concluded that the domestic biodigester works properly.