Evaluación de los procesos de manufactura aditiva por medio de impresión 3d de un prototipo de corazón artificial humano en diferentes materiales, para la fabricación de moldes: mecanizado de piezas con polímeros.

Abstract

A heart is the fist-sized organ that pumps our blood throughout the body and is the centre of the circulatory system. The heart's electrical system is known to control the heart rate and rhythm. Malfunctioning of this system can make it difficult for the heart to pump blood. This component will proceed to manufacture a bionic heart model through additive manufacturing by 3D printing, focusing only on the mechanical components of the heart, while the electronic components will be considered in a future project. This work shows a study of the parameters of additive manufacturing by 3D printing to be considered for the manufacture of parts, mainly established in the ASTM 52910:2018 standard. The first part of this component is a literature review of the human heart, additive manufacturing (AM), 3D printing, mold making. The second part establishes the methodology for the selection of the 3D machine, material and software, in addition to analyzing the manufacturing parameters of the mechanisms that together form the human heart prototype. First, the list of the prototype parts is made, then the parameters established by the ASTM 52910:2018 standard are specified, in such a way that the printing conditions and the recommendations of the standard are established, applied to the manufacture of the human heart prototype based on a CAD/CAM model of bionic heart, to consecutively elaborate comparative tables with the chosen polymer materials PLA AND PETG. Finally, the results obtained are shown and a contrast is made between the two materials chosen to determine the best option and the feasibility of manufacturing the mold.