Estudio de reforzamiento de edificaciones informales por medio de enchapamiento con mallas: propuesta de un modelo de reforzamiento por medio de enchapamiento con mallas de una edificación.

Abstract

Ecuador, being located in a plate subduction zone and several local geological faults, is under constant threat of earthquakes. In addition, part of the construction in the country is informal, making it vulnerable to earthquakes that occur. Therefore, the present work aims to demonstrate that a reinforcement option such as veneer to ordinary masonry found in informal housing has great potential to reduce the vulnerability of a building. For which an informal housing model was chosen from which the most information was obtained both on its architecture and its structural elements. Being a house with a masonry porch whose only function was to separate the interior space. Once these data were obtained, it was modeled in specialized software and subjected to the loads of the NEC earthquake. With this simulation and the analysis of some of its structural elements, its vulnerability was revealed. Once the current state of the house has been analyzed, a veneer proposal is given on some of the existing walls, with an electro-welded mesh reinforcement from a commercial brand of the country and it is analyzed in the software. The results of the reinforcement model give us values that show a better behavior of the house, such as the drifts that were reduced by up to 90%, in addition to the fact that the efforts in the slabs have been reduced. With this it was possible to show that the veneer is a viable option when it comes to reinforcing an informal dwelling to reduce its vulnerability to earthquakes.