Simulación de crecidas: generación de diferentes hietogramas de diseño para la simulación de crecidas sobre la subcuenca Guanga Huaycu.

Abstract

Hydrological studies are important for the design and construction of hydraulic structures, design storms are often estimated through hyetographs, but little or no interest is paid in their selection. To do this, it seeks to represent an extreme precipitation event through synthetic hyetographs and analyze the impact that the different methodologies have on the magnitude of the flows. The work was developed from precipitation data, recorded by 2 pluviometric stations that are located near the study area and to obtain the flows, a hydrological modeling was carried out in the HEC-HMS software. Among all the synthetic hyetographs methodologies analyzed, 3 of them represent the extreme rain event in a good way and obtain a variation of less than 14% of the maximum flow, with respect to the flow obtained by using observed precipitation. The methodology developed by ISWS calculates values of maximum intensity and time to peak very close to those observed, while the methodology developed by Pilgrim and Cordery (AVM) estimates a maximum flow very close to that obtained from precipitation data and it also presents a regular R2 correlation coefficient, equal to 0.30. If it were the case of carrying out a hydrological study on a small, high mountain and steep basin, where there are no precipitation records, it is recommended to use the huff curves of the first quartile for a probability of 80% or 90 %, or in turn the triangular hyetograph, since, among the conceptual methodologies developed, it is the one that obtained the best results in the analysis.