Control de riesgos mecánicos y químicos en la etapa de carpintería de aluminio de la construcción del centro comercial mindalae, Otavalo-Imbabura.

Abstract

This work describes the evaluation and control of the mechanical and chemical risks present during the execution of the aluminum carpentry stage of the construction of Mindalae shopping center. The identification of hazards was carried out through the characterization of processes, the verification of the aptitude of the workers and the determination of substandard conditions and acts. It was determined that all the workers hired for the work had the aptitude to carry out the activities in charge; also that the most frequent unsafe conditions were the floor with misplaced objects, lack of order and cleanliness, and the most common unsafe acts were the inappropriate use of safety helmets and shoes. Through the application of the William Fine method, it was determined that there are non-tolerable risks in the activities of glass installation, fixed points, frames and polished edges. Once the following control measures have been applied: replacement of the grinder with sandpaper; implementation of work permit at heights; modification of the method of transporting glass, awareness campaigns for the use of PPE and implementation of the bases of the 5S methodology, the reassessment of risks showed a reduction to the tolerable category. In the evaluation of the baseline of the system performance indicators, the following results were obtained: frequency rate (IF) 3,551.7 incidents/200,000 person-hours, severity rate (IG) 122.2 lost hours/200 000 person-hours, risk rate (TR) 0.03 hours lost/incidents and a productivity of 0.15 m2/person-hours.