Elaboración de un protocolo para el uso eficiente de la energía en el transporte pesado de carga por carretera en el Ecuador y su impacto en las emisiones de CO2

Abstract

The objective of this work is to develop a protocol for the efficient use of energy in heavy road freight transport in Ecuador and its impact on CO2 emissions. For this purpose, an analysis of energy consumption in the transport sector was carried out, as well as a characterization of the national vehicle fleet according to vehicle class, load capacity and brands in accordance with current national regulations. The protocol applies the fundamentals of vehicle dynamics, efficient driving, route optimization and maintenance. The most relevant parameters that influence energy consumption were selected from experiences in other countries and that can be implemented in our country considering vehicle geometry, topography, climatic conditions, traffic and road network limitations. The results of the implementation were estimated, obtaining significant reductions in fuel consumption as in the case of cabin deflectors (6.35%), low rolling resistance tires (5%), efficient driving (40%) and it was detailed how the lack of maintenance increases the vehicle's energy consumption. Thus, it was corroborated that CO2 emissions are reduced, contributing to sustainable development and environmental conservation.