Técnicas para mejorar el ancho de banda en antenas tipo parche : Antena tipo parche en doble sustrato para mejorar el ancho de banda.

Abstract

Bandwidth optimization is essential in the design of patch antennas to improve their performance in wireless communications. This work focuses on exploring various techniques to increase the bandwidth from the perspective of patch antenna adaptation through modifications of its structure and characteristics. The first chapter introduces the general objective, specific objectives, and scope of the study, along with the theoretical framework on patch antennas. Their structure, feeding types, and analysis methods, including the transmission line model and the resonant cavity model, are described. The importance of bandwidth and techniques for its enhancement are also introduced. The methodology is detailed in the second chapter, covering the design of the base patch antenna and the applied techniques to improve its bandwidth. Enhancements in substrate height, the utilization of double substrate layers with air gaps, and different substrate layers with air gaps are explored. The 3D model optimization process is also discussed. The third chapter presents the results of the applied techniques on the patch antenna. The performances of different modifications are analyzed, and a comprehensive comparison of their bandwidth performance is conducted. Finally, the conclusions and recommendations derived from the obtained results are presented.