Pre – factibilidad de estaciones de transferencia de residuos solidos para una ciudad con población entre 300000 y 500000 habitantes : análisis y propuesta de dos alternativas técnicas para la implementación de estaciones de transferencia de residuos sólidos con su respectiva evaluación económica y ambiental, sin considerar la valoración de residuos.

Abstract

This project made a pre feasibility study for two waste transfer stations proposals in a provincial and municipal capital with a population between 300.000 and 500.000 inhabitants like Ambato city. The horizon of the project is 15 years, for year 2037, the projections made resulted in: population of 509.171 inhabitants and 0,73 kilograms of waste per person per day. The locations for the transfer stations where obtained with the method of distances and a multiapproach GIS analysis. From the method of distances, an ideal polygon was obtained which, in addition to its circular surroundings contains a surface of 4494,24 hectares. With the multiapproach GIS analysis it was determined that 13.885 hectares are feasible for implementation. Intersection between ideal areas and feasible areas allowed to obtain the available areas for transfer stations implementation. The first transfer station was located in Mirador Loma Casigana sector, a terrain that has 134 continuous hectares. The second transfer station was located in Hacienda Palama sector; the available surface is of 92 hectares. With a viability analysis it was determined that for the first transfer station the journeys to the landwill were globally reduced by 42,9%; the second transfer station reduced the journeys by 20,2%. Economic analysis revealed that because of the expensive cost of operation of the waste collection vehicles, the transference vehicles had lower costs in both transfer stations for the analyzed journeys. Nevertheless, it is recommended to only choose one transfer station and make complementary studies for a real implementation.