Bioelectrorremediación de efluentes líquidos de la industria hidrocarburífera mediante celda de electrólisis microbiana (mec) de una muestra del campo pungarayacu : identificación de las bacterias responsables, construcción y acondicionamiento de la celda de electrólisis microbiana (mec), para el proceso de conversión química aerobia del crudo en los efluentes industriales.

Abstract

This research work focused on the bioelectroremediation of oil-contaminated samples from the Pungarayacu oil field, using two microbial electrolysis cells. Qualitative and quantitative analyses of the following parameters were carried out: TDS, salinity, pH, resistivity, conductivity, voltage and current for 21 days to determine the effectiveness of the cells, according to the proposed sample formulations for each cell. This study was carried out in the Petrophysics laboratory of the Faculty of Geology and Petroleum at the EPN and the BIOHACK UIO laboratory. The methodology involved the collection of contaminated liquid effluents, the recovery of microorganisms native to the area and probiotic samples, the preparation of mineral broths and the formulation of samples for processing, the design of MEC cells with 1934.4 cm2 graphite electrodes, the morphological identification of electroactive bacteria specialized in the degradation of hydrocarbons and the generation of energy in the form of ATP. The results highlighted that Bacillus Subtilis bacteria were effective in the degradation of the pollutant molecules, and a physical change was observed over time, mainly in cell 2. Bioelectroremediation research is presented as an alternative for the in-situ transformation and degradation of molecules present in oil-contaminated liquid effluents, which contributes to a more efficient and sustainable environmental remediation.