Correcciones de retardos ionosféricos en radio señales de objetos celestes : uso de programación para la obtención del tec y del software casa para el tratamiento de datos de tres estaciones GPS.

Abstract

The present work focuses on the study of TEC (Total Electron Content) and its temporal evolution. TEC serves as a parameter for the study and characterization of the ionosphere, where electrons or ions are found in this layer, primarily resulting from solar radiation that interacts with io nospheric molecules, ionizing them. These electrons, in turn, interact with electromagnetic waves that can originate from celestial bodies or satellites, thus generating disturbances in the signals; these disturbances are known as ionospheric delays. In the data analysis process, several expected periods were identified, including daily cycles due to solar exposure hours and atmospheric temperature, alongside others, with one period of around 170 days standing out. To achieve this, data were collected during the period from 2018 to 2022 from three GPS stations located in Ecuador (RIOP, MAEC, and TPEC). These data underwent multiple analyses to be adequately processed. Furthermore, TEC was employed to perform adjustments and corrections on radio signal data originating from celestial objects, utilizing NRAO CASA software. This facilitated the generation of images depicting how a celestial body would appear from Ecuador prior to signal purification and calibration.