Modelos de enfriamiento de centrales fotovoltaicas flotantes: modelo físico y experimental : Diseño, implementación y campaña de mediciones de un prototipo de sistema fotovoltaico convencional.

Abstract

The present work describes the design, implementation and analysis of a conventional photovoltaic system and its comparison with a floating photovoltaic system, with the objective of evaluating the effect of cooling on the performance of the latter. For this purpose, two homologous photovoltaic panels were installed, one on a fixed structure on land and the other on a floating platform in pool 1 of the Central Hidroeléctrica de Cumbayá in Quito. A 22-day measurement campaign was carried out, collecting data on voltage, current and temperature of the panels, as well as solar radiation and water temperature. To verify the obtained data, the power generated by the conventional system was calculated, which was compared with a simulation carried out in the System Advisor Model software, using the solar radiation data collected on site. Once the data was verified, the power and efficiency of the systems was calculated, and a comparison between the temperature and performance of both systems was performed. The analysis shows that the cooling of the floating panel, generated by the effect of the water mirror, results in a temperature difference between both systems of 8.15°C on average and 12.38°C when considering only moments with greater radiation. This cooling translates into an increase in energy yield of 7.36% and an improvement in average efficiency of 11.56%. These values are within the typical ranges obtained in studies carried out in climates like those of the present work.