Caracterización mecánica y por FTIR de bio-composites reforzados con residuos lignocelulósicos : Caracterización mecánica a tracción y por espectroscopía infrarroja de bio-composites elaborados con matriz conformada por PVAc/harina de amaranto y reforzados con residuos lignocelulósicos de palma aceitera: raquis y cuesco.

Abstract

The current environmental problems generated by the large volumes of solid wastes caused by the use of petroleum-derived plastics, greenhouse gases and contamination of water sources due to leachates resulting from poor management of lignocellulosic agro-industrial wastes raises a challenge in the research and development of new eco-friendly materials. This study evaluated the influence of the variation of the components present in the reinforcement on the tensile mechanical properties: modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and breakage strain, as well as on the spectrophotometric properties of bio composites made from amaranth flour, PVAc, reinforced with rachis and palm kernels. For this purpose, the gelatinization process of amaranth flour was carried out, PVAc was added and the rachis/rachis ratios (10:90) and (20:80) for formulation 1 and 2. For the tensile tests, type I specimens were made, a universal machine was used, and a load was applied at a speed of 5 mm/min. The tensile tests revealed that the variation in reinforcement ratios does have a significant influence on the modulus of elasticity, tensile strength, and breakage strain. In addition, FTIR analysis was performed, the results of which reflected hydrogen bonding interactions between the matrix components and identified higher concentrations of lignin and cellulose in formulation 2.