Vivienda resiliente y sostenible en regiones ecuatoriales: hacia la construcción de ciudades resilientes y sostenibles : Estudio del confort térmico de una vivienda en zona andina

Abstract

This project focuses on evaluating the energy performance and thermal comfort of a resilient single-family dwelling located in Quito, Ecuador. To achieve this objective, a Typical Meteorological Year (TMY) was employed, enabling the simulation of the climatological characteristics of the study area over a year. Additionally, the estimation of thermal comfort and the details of the energy behavior of the dwelling were obtained through dynamic simulation. The model is conceived as a particular case study, incorporating passive or bioclimatic design criteria that define the envelope materials, lighting, equipment, and occupant activity. Key factors analyzed include heat transfer through surfaces, internal gains, thermal loads, energy consumption, natural ventilation, and thermal comfort hours. The simulation software used is Design Builder, with the dynamic calculation engine EnergyPlus. Simulations were performed for a calendar year, and results were analyzed based on two characteristic days (coldest and hottest) or by occupancy zones within the dwelling. MATLAB software was used for results representation. Based on the ASHRAE-55-2017 standard, centered on the adaptive comfort model for unconditioned spaces, it is evident that the dwelling would achieve 73.97% thermal comfort per year with 80% acceptability, with zones where discomfort is present due to the inherent design and construction limitations of the project. New alternatives and challenges are proposed to continue improving the bioclimatic and resilience principles of the dwelling.