Identificación de modelos de negocios bancarios, a partir del análisis de conglomerados: Una aplicación al caso de Ecuador

Abstract

The aim of this research is identify the banking business models in Ecuador, to improve the risk evaluation banks, through the cluster analysis and find differences between risk exposition and revenue variables. To identify the clusters we applied main hierarchical cluster methods, for choose Ward method, with Euclidean distance over time from 2008 to 2014. To assess the business model, used variables that describe the main factors determine a banks’ general approach towards business: origin and type of the funding necessary to maintain operations, approach toward risk and source of revenues. The results show four business model for Ecuadorian industry bank: Commercial Wholesale Bank, Commercial Retail Bank, Development Banks, and Specialized Banking. There is stability in each cluster over the period. The revenues and risk indicators shows differences between the clusters. The most profitable banks are the Commercial Wholesale Bank, the bank with highest default ratio are the Development Banks, by the side the most liquidity banks are the Development Banks.