Evaluación de las emisiones de gases de escape de un motor de encendido por compresión utilizando mezclas de diésel, biodiésel supercrítico y óxido de cerio

Abstract

This document describes evaluation of exhaust gas emissions in a compression ignition engine using mixtures of diesel, supercritical biodiesel and cerium oxide. Biodiesel was obtained by supercritical transesterification of the crude palm oil with distilled water and ethanol in LACBAL (Laboratorio de Combustibles, Biocombustibles y Aceites Lubricantes). Emission tests were carried out in CCICEV (Centro de Transferencia Tecnológica para la Capacitación e Investigación en Control de Emisiones Vehiculares), in EPN (Escuela Politécnica Nacional) laboratories located north of Quito. Different fuels were used: diesel (D), diesel with 10% supercritical biodiesel (B10), diesel with cerium oxide of 250ppm (DC), and diesel with 10% supercritical biodiesel and cerium oxide of 250ppm (B10DC). The driving cycle used was the IM-240 in a chassis dynamometer. The concentrations of pollutant emissions and fuel performance were determined. It is possible to determinate the emission factors using the simplified combustion model. Once the tests were carried out, it was determined that HC, NOX and PM10 reduced in all the mixtures compared to the diesel, reduction of temperature of exhaust gases was determined, this was due to the lower formation of NOX during the combustion. In terms of emission factors B10DC fuel presents a significant reduction compared to diesel.