Detección de oscilaciones estables de potencia en el sistema de transmisión San Rafael-El Inga 500 kV mediante la implementación de un modelo de relé de distancia monofásico en el software ATP

Abstract

In High Voltage and Extra High Voltage, to improve the transient stability of the system, Single Pole Switching schemes are implemented; with which, only the failed phase is opened and a certain time is waited, known as dead time; after which, the open phase is closed and synchronized. During the dead time, the active power is transmitted by the healthy phases where, due to the transient phenomenon, power swings are produced that are manifested through the distance relays (primary or back-up protection in transmission lines) as oscillations in the apparent impedance calculated.

This project proposes the modeling and simulation in the Alternative Transients Program software of a distance relay (ANSI type 21) based on digital signal processing and applied to the local back-up protection scheme of the San Rafael- El Inga 500 kV transmission line during a Single Pole Switching event. The modeled relay is capable of emitting trip signals per phase and detecting stable power swings in their healthy phases, verifying that the relays associated with them do not operate under stable power swings conditions present in the machines of the Coca Codo Sinclair hydroelectric power plant.