Análisis de emisiones en vehículos a gasolina mediante ciclos de prueba estático y dinámico en procesos de revisión técnica vehicular

Abstract

This thesis focuses on analyzing the pollutant emissions of gasoline vehicles through static and dynamic test cycles in vehicle inspection processes. The purpose is to determine the difference in emission concentrations when evaluating a vehicle with modern control technology, by means of static and dynamic test cycles, in order to demonstrate that the static method currently used in the technical vehicle inspection in our country is inefficient to evaluate this type of vehicles, which are the ones that make up the majority of the vehicle fleet. Three test cycles were performed on the vehicle: static and dynamic ASM and IM240, and higher concentrations of pollutant emissions were obtained with the dynamic tests in relation to the static test. The most significant difference occurs when comparing the results of the ASM method with the static method, obtaining a difference for Carbon Monoxide (CO) of 200%, for Hydrocarbons (HC) of 294% and for Nitrogen Oxides (NOx) of 1200%. The static method does not measure NOx emissions efficiently in vehicles with modern control technologies, since it presents values that do not reflect reality. It is concluded that the dynamic method is the most suitable for measuring pollutant emissions in the technical vehicle inspection. At the end of the work, it is proposed to use this study so that the environmental authorities analyze the possibility of implementing a dynamic test method in the technical vehicle inspection that shows emission values that are close to reality.