Aplicación de una heurística de optimización para el balanceo de mallas curriculares de tres carreras técnicas de la Escuela Politécnica Nacional

Abstract

The present work is oriented in the characterization and balancing of curricular meshes of three careers of the National Polytechnic School (EPN), through the heuristics used in the balancing of production lines. The collection of primary data was carried out by means of unstructured interviews with the Subdecane of the Faculty of Mechanical Engineering and the Director of Teaching of the EPN with regard to the elaboration of curricular meshes. Secondary data were obtained through the documentary analysis of curricular meshes and the Academic Regime Regulations. The secondary data were previously selected and organized in a precedence diagram to be analyzed using the positional weights heuristic (Helgeson and Birnie method). The inactivity time for each semester and the total time were determined, as well as the percentage of efficiency of each curriculum mesh before and after balancing. It resulted in a total efficiency of 100% and a zero-hour downtime in the meshes of the Production Engineering and Electronic Engineering and Automation careers. The mesh of the career of Mechanical Engineering presented some downtime within each semester and therefore efficiencies less than 100%, however, the total efficiency was 100%, After the balancing, an optimal solution was obtained with which the downtime was reduced from 210 hours to 10 hours and the total efficiency was maintained at 100 %.