Modelación, simulación y análisis de la incorporación de recursos energéticos distribuidos y cargas especiales en redes eléctricas inteligentes utilizando el software OpenDSS.

Abstract

This work initially describes the conventional distribution system and the advent of smart grids due to the incorporation of new technologies, such as photovoltaic (FV), wind (EO), energy storage (AE) systems, considered in this paper as distributed energy resources (DER) and electric vehicles (VE) as special loads. This transition makes it essential to have simulation software that adapts to the changing distribution system. For this purpose, OpenDSS is presented as a computational tool suitable for simulating this type of systems. In order to understand the functionality of the software, the standard algorithm used by OpenDSS to solve power flows is detailed, as well as its main solution modes and the modeling of the main electrical elements. The daily solution mode is used to simulate the 12-bus network and the EPRI network called CKT5 over a seven-day period. DER and VE are modeled and incorporated to analyze different electrical parameters such as bus voltage, current in conductors, losses due to the incorporation of these resources in the network. In addition, load curves and real generation profiles obtained by distribution companies are used to obtain results close to reality. Finally, fault simulations are carried out, being these important to consider in a protection analysis.