Recuperación de compuestos bioactivos a partir de subproductos de mora, frutilla y taxo.

Abstract

Blackberry (Rubus glaucus) is a highly consumed fruit in Ecuador, however, its industrialization generates organic waste that could represent a source for the recovery of bioactive compounds. The goal of this work is to analyze, through the bibliographic revision, the composition of blackberry by-products in order to determine the usable compounds, as well as to carry out a qualitative and quantitative comparison of the methods of extraction of the compounds of interest identified as well as an analysis of its possible uses. Based on the information collected, it was determined that blackberry by-products represent a source for the extraction of anthocyanins and ellagitannins. Different extraction methods were compared for the compounds of interest; for anthocyanins, methods such as maceration, soxhlet, ultrasound-assisted extraction and extraction with pressurized liquid were compared, while for ellagitannins was analyzed the importance of hydrolysis, which could be chemical or enzymatic. It was determined that the most efficient extraction methods in terms of yield and extraction times were pressurized liquid extraction for anthocyanins and enzymatic hydrolysis for ellagitannins. Finally, it was analyzed that the possible applications for anthocyanins are food, pharmaceutical and cosmetic industries due to their antioxidant, antidiabetic, antibacterial properties and their potential use as colorants in products with a pH lower than 3, while ellagitannins can be used in pharmaceutical and food industries for its antibacterial and anti-inflammatory capacity in ulcerative colitis, chron's disease and cancer.