Recuperación de plomo de escorias usando solventes eutécticos profundos (DES) : Evaluación del lixiviante Relina (Urea+Cloruro de colina) en la lixiviación de plomo de escorias obtenidas del proceso de reciclaje de baterías automotrices.

Abstract

Lead recycling is an alternative process for obtaining this metal in the production of batteries, but it is normally recovered by pyrometallurgical process, which produces a lot of pollution. On the other hand, the hydrometallurgical route uses polluting solvents consisting of strong acids and bases. This is the reason for the investigation of green solvents known as “DES” (Deep Eutectic Solvents). The objective of this work was to evaluate the application of the deep eutectic solvent (DES): reline for the recovery of lead from the slag obtained from the automotive battery recycling process at the “Baterias Ecuador FABRIBAT CIA LTDA plant”. The experimentation was divided into 3 parts, which considered 3 important variables: time, temperature and pressure, in addition to this, the tests were carried out in duplicate to verify the influence of calcination. The leaching solution was prepared with 107.5mg of iodine and 10g of reline, then the corresponding tests were carried out at 30, 50 and 80 °C. An extra test was carried out in a hydrothermal reactor at 120°C. The amount of sample taken was 200mg. Aliquots of 0.1 mL were taken every hour up to 8 hours. A spray pre-treatment was performed on the sample. Finally, the aliquots were analyzed by atomic absorption for lead measurement. As a result, a maximum lead recovery of 29,6% was obtained. The optimal conditions for battery slag leaching were: temperature: 120°C, time: 3h, pressured and calcination pretreatment.