Determinantes sociodemográficos de los hogares con jefatura femenina del Ecuador en 2019 y 2021, antes y durante el COVID-19.

Abstract

This research studies the sociodemographic determinants of female-headed households in Ecuador before and during COVID-19 (2019 and 2021), for which two databases of the National Institute of Statistics and Census (INEC) were used as references for the surveys: Management of Permanent Household Statistics (GEPH) and National Survey of Employment, Unemployment and Underemployment (ENEMDU) for the years 2019 and 2021, with a sample of 100,417 and 104,166 individuals for each year respectively. The methodology used in the model is binary logistic regression to demonstrate the influence of sociodemographic determinants on female heads of household in Ecuador before and during the pandemic. The estimation was done through the use of statistical programs, where the results obtained for the most influential sociodemographic variables of female heads of household were determined. The probability of having a female head of household increases when the geographic location of the household is in the urban area. Similarly, when the woman is widowed, the probability of being head of household increases. On the other hand, poverty in the year 2019 was not significant; on the contrary, for the year 2021 it was relevant in determining the gender of the head of household.