Diseño de una maquina para eliminar la cascarilla de la palanquilla mediante el uso de chorro de agua.

Abstract

The company Novacero S.A Lasso plant is in the process of implementing a new hot rolling mill, called "Train A". The new rolling mill will offer rebar of different diameters and wire rod. In hot rolling processes, before starting forming, the work material (bill) is heated in an oven at a temperature higher than the recrystallization temperature to obtain a malleable structure that is easy to form. Inside the furnace, iron oxide layers begin to form on the surface and when it comes out of it, due to contact with the environment, these layers continue to increase. Iron oxide layers are known as calamine or scale which affect the mechanical properties of the final product. The company Novacero S.A flat Lasso in search of removing the iron oxide layers wants to implement a machine that adapts to the production demand and manages to remove the layers of the 4 superficial faces of the billet. In the present titling work, different methods of superficial cleaning for the billet are presented and the removal of iron oxide by the use of water jet (Waterjetting) is selected, as it presents greater advantages in the useful time of the machine. The design was based on making a process and instrumentation diagram (P&Id), in which the conceptual idea of the necessary equipment for the elimination of oxide layers was raised, this equipment was a high-pressure water pump, valves of control, security and useful nozzles for this service. Subsequently, after selecting the equipment, the sizing of the pipes and their thickness (Schedule) was carried out using the ASME B31.3 standard. An analysis of energy losses was carried out using the equations recommended by fluid mechanics.