Diseño de un vehículo aéreo no tripulado (uav) con sistema de propulsión eléctrico para despegue y aterrizaje vertical (vtol) : dimensionamiento y ensamblaje de un sistema de propulsión eléctrico para un uav tipo vtol de configuración tipo tricóptero.

Abstract

The existing prototype in the laboratory is overweight due to its hybrid carbon and kevlar fiber coating, which hinders the UAV VTOL's takeoff and its autonomy. Additionally, there are issues with the tilting mechanism. To address these issues, a material change for the structure and a relocation of the coating are proposed to solve the weight problem. Simultaneously, a redesign of the electric propulsion system is planned to ensure better takeoff performance. Furthermore, in accordance with the laboratory's requirements, a tilting mechanism will be installed at the tail. This was accomplished by constructing the prototype using XPS for the structure and placing fiberglass in the weak sections of the UAV VTOL. Additionally, a test bench was set up to select the motor and propeller. The results show an approximate weight reduction of 2033 [g], representing a 282% improvement compared to the preexisting design. Moreover, the T-motor am480 kv650 motor with the 13 x 8 E propeller operates correctly at 50% throttle, generating a total thrust of 4995 [g] with its three motors. In conclusion, the weight of this project's prototype has been reduced, and the electric propulsion system has been improved with the selection of the T-motor am480 kv650 motor and the 13 x 8 E propeller, along with the implemented tilting mechanism.