Análisis del crecimiento económico con respecto al impacto de la integración financiera y económica en los países de Latinoamérica : análisis espacial de la integración económica de los países que conforman la Alianza del Pacífico y Ecuador en el periodo 2006-2022.

Abstract

In an increasingly globalized world, economic integration emerges as a multifaceted alternative that promotes cooperation and equitable development among nations through economic, political, legal, and social implications, providing economic and geopolitical advantages to the integrated countries. Against this backdrop, the present project examines the spatial interaction of economic growth with maritime connectivity, as well as with the connectivity between the capitals of the economies that are part of the Pacific Alliance, including Ecuador as an invited country. Furthermore, by considering spatial interaction, the study investigates how trade openness, along with various control variables, affects economic growth. To analyze these spatial interactions, a Spatial Autoregressive (SAR) model adapted to panel data with random effects is used. This model employs data from the Pacific Alliance member countries, as well as Ecuador, for the years 2006 to 2022. The study's findings suggest that both maritime connectivity and interconnectivity between capitals positively impact economic growth. Moreover, free trade plays a substantial role in boosting economic growth, while foreign investment proves to be insignificant. The study concludes that, in the analyzed economies, geographical connectivity does influence economic growth, and that free trade is one of the most relevant factors for enhancing this growth.