Obtención de extractos enzimáticos con actividad celulolítica mediante fermentación del hongo Trichoderma reesei sobre celulosa y posible aplicación en el bio-pulpeo de envases multicapa

Abstract

In this research, two fermentation systems, liquid (SLF) and solid (SSF), were studied for the production of enzyme extracts with cellulolytic activity using T. reesei and two sources of cellulose as substrate, filter paper and duplex cardboard, cut in two sizes, 0,25 cm2 and 1,00 cm2. The enzyme extract obtained from the SSF with filter paper (0,25 cm2), reached the highest cellulolytic activity (1,15 FPU/mL). Additionally, in this study, two possible biotechnological options to remove the cellulose contained in the recycled multilayer containers based on cellulolytic action of T. reesei was studied. As a first option, enzyme extracts with the highest cellulolytic activity were used to remove the cellulose (bio-pulping) from multilayer containers. After 48 h at 50 °C and 200 rpm, cellulose removal was partial. This bio-pulping option was compared with liquid fermentations of T. reesei directly on recycled packages were carried out. After 7 days of fermentation at 30 °C and 200 rpm, the whole cellulose layer from multi-material paper-based packages was removed, proving to be the most effective option for the bio-pulping.