Aplicación del espectro de frecuencia en el estudio y análisis de la respuesta dinámica de un intercambiador de calor con variaciones en sus condiciones de operación : análisis, simulación y validación de la respuesta dinámica del intercambiador de calor con variación de la temperatura.

Abstract

Currently, heat exchanger designers face significant challenges in countering vibrations, enhancing thermal efficiency, ensuring structural integrity, and operational safety of the entire equipment. Each design must adhere to regulatory and safety compliance to implement technologies that detect issues and provide predictive maintenance to anticipate and prevent failures. This paper describes the mathematical modeling of the simulation of a shell and tube heat exchanger developed in Ansys 2019 R2 software. The dimensions, physical characteristics, and properties are based on the heat exchanger available in the LTC (Heat Transfer Laboratory) for academic use. A spring is added to the bottom of the exchanger, generating vibrations, with the result measured in meters [m], considering displacement at a damped frequency in Hertz [Hz]. The experimental part involves measuring vibrations using a vibrometer called SVAN 958. The sensor captures vibrations when the heat exchanger is in full operation, conditions set according to the capacity of the exchanger itself. The software projects frequency spectra ranging from 0.8 to 200 Hz. The program provides acceleration in decibels [dB], which must be converted to meters, i.e., in terms of displacement. Finally, the simulation results and the experimental part are compared. The maximum displacement acquired in the simulation is 4.83x10^(-6) [m] when the damped frequency is 1.32 Hz according to Ansys 2019 R2 software. Meanwhile, the maximum displacement obtained in the experimental part is 9.90x10^(-6) [m], with the damped frequency in SvanPC++ software being 1.25 Hz. Therefore, the experimental validation meets the expectations and results obtained through simulation, indicating the process is valid and accurate.