Elaboración de un manual y guía técnica para el manejo de la PTAP de las parroquias Rumipamba y Tupigachi : Elaboración de un manual y guía técnica para el manejo de la PTAP de la parroquia Rumipamba.

Abstract

This project focuses on improving the management and operation of the drinking water treatment plant (PTAP) in Rumipamba, Rumiñahui, optimizing the treatment of water from the Pita River. An exhaustive diagnosis of the PTAP was conducted, evaluating the physical, chemical, and biological parameters of the raw water, detecting elevated levels of barium. Jar tests were carried out to optimize the processes of coagulation, flocculation, and disinfection. The results showed that a specific combination of 30% solid PAC coagulant at 450 mg/L, caustic soda pH stabilizer at 230 mg/L, and cationic flocculant at 5 mL/L met all established quality limits, achieving turbidity removals above 84%. For the disinfection test, optimal doses of sodium and calcium hypochlorite were determined, with 1 and 1.5 mg/L, respectively, achieving between 70% and 83% removal of metals like iron, barium, and aluminum by oxidation. These treatments kept water quality parameters within acceptable ranges according to the INEN 1108 standard for drinking water. With the optimal doses determined, a didactic manual and a technical guide were developed for managing the PTAP, incorporating key criteria for their development. These documents include processes for operation, maintenance, quality control, safety, emergency protocols, and handling of reagents. The standardized operating procedures, based on jar tests, aim to optimize the process and ensure the safety of personnel. Thus, the manual and the guide become practical and comprehensive tools for the training of current and future personnel and for the efficient and safe operation of the PTAP, focusing on optimizing the process and ensuring personnel safety.